Engelsk grammatik
-English Grammar
Vad roligt att äntligen få lära sig hur det skall vara!
Never forget the fact that learning a language is just like building a house. If you're old enough to know what a house is like in general terms, you're also old enough to know where to start, right? Yes, you start by building a very good and solid foundation. Anything else is simply a waste of time and money, not to mention wits...
In
this section you will find a continuously growing number of
language exercises,
articles and links to pages and sites covering the various grammar and
vocabulary topics most oftenly confusing or difficult to both Scandinavians
(Swedes,
Norwegians & Danes) and Anglo-Saxons
(people
from the English-speaking countries Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zeeland, the
United Kingdom and the U.S.A.).
På den här sidan samt underordnade sidor
så kommer du att finna ett ständigt ökande antal språkövningar,
förklarande och beskrivande
textstycken, sidor och artiklar [samt länkar
till olika sidor (webpages) och "sajter" (websites)] som behandlar de olika
grammatikregler och aspekter som så ofta skapar problem för både skandinaver
och människor från den s.k. "anglosaxiska världen"
(Australien, Storbritannien,
Canada, Irland, Nya Zeeland och U.S.A.)
-Se vänstermarginalen
beträffande specialavsnitt & övningar!
Our grammar will be focusing on verbs, prepositions and related matters and the vocabulary will vary from general everyday matters to areas of concern to us all such as food (foods, cooking, eating & recipes), money (business & financce & shopping), logistics, cars and computers.
Vår grammatik kommer att koncentreras på verb och prepositioner, och ordförrådet kommer att variera mellan vardagliga företeelser och ämnesområden som berör oss alla såsom mat (matvaror, matlagning, ätande och matrecept), pengar (affärer & finans & ekonomi & att handla i affärer), bilar och datorer.
There'll be a growing number of interactive language exercises, quizzes and tests for both those who speak Swedish and those who speak English.
Språkövningar för både svensktalande och engelsktalande, tillika med tester och prov av olika slag, kommer successivt att fyllas på "under" den här sidan, och många kommer att vara interaktiva.
The spelling of English words is very inconsistent.
Words of one syllable ending in a single consonant preceded by a single vowel double the final consonant before adding a suffix beginning with a vowel.
hop - hopped, bat - batter, spin - spinning
Words of more than one syllable which are accented on the final syllabale and which end in a single consonant preceded by a single vowel double the final consonant before adding a suffix beginning with a vowel.
occur - occurred, admit - admitting
Words ending in 'y' preceded by a consonant change the 'y' to 'i' before adding suffixes.
salary - salaries, marry - married, fancy - fanciful, merry - merriment, lonely - loneliness
NOTE
-"He's
drinking!"- = Han dricker (just nu). / "Kolla på
honom!" Han dricker! (...och det brukar han aldrig göra annars!) / Han
"tar sig en hutt" (...och det brukar han aldrig göra annars!). /Han
är drickande.
-"She was dying when I
arrived."- = Hon var döende då jag anlände./ Hon höll
på att dö (...och bara just då) när jag kom. (...och kanske, tack vare att
jag dök upp, så ordnade det hela upp sig och hon "hämtade sig"!)
NOTE
Note that above examples contain elements of coincidence, an incident, an
occasion, accident etc.
Below you'll find examples showing the
opposite or extreme where something is terminated, finished, permanent, "beyond
hope and will"!
-"He
drinks."- = Han brukar dricka (jämt). /Han är
vanedrickare. /Han super. / Han tittar för djupt i glasen (vanligtvis). /Han
är "drinkare".
-"She died when
I arrived."- = Hon dog när jag anlände (kom).
/
Hon avled när jag kom.
En "sundae" är helt enkelt en glassefterrätt med frukt eller
fruktsaft iblandat, ofta dessutom försedd med vispgrädde och nötter.
Engelskan är ju konsekvent i detta avseende till skillnad från svenskan beträffande hantering av namn. Söndag likväl som mars och september och Kalle och Sigrid är ju alla namn, och skall också därmed ha stor bokstav. Så är alltid fallet i engelskan men tyvärr icke i svenskan där man använder liten bokstav på såväl dagsnamn, helger som månadsnamn.
Man kan uttala "Sunday" och "sundae" likadant så det blir ju den s.k. kontexten, sammanhanget, som avgör betydelsen. Som svensk kan man knappast påstå att detta skulle vara en oöverstiglig svårighet med uttryck som "Får får får?" eller "Som man får man utstå vad man förtjänar." samt ett därmed förknippat språkligt dilemma som "Hästen har man!"
Nog kan språk synas outgrundliga...
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Now spend a few minutes
on your vocabulary and the word
'chip'(s). Think of all the different
variations in meaning you
can come up with (translated into Swedish). Put the word in context
(Write sentences!). Define the word in each context. What are the various meanings of the word chip/-s
you can come up with? Use both American and British
dictionaries. Without the two you are likely to (you will) fail.
Goodbye,
Mr. Chips by James
Hilton (Paperback )
Is there such a thing as a chipmunk
(chip-muck)? And
what about a 'chip-shot', where I've heard some people confuse it with 'cheap
shot'…? Numerable are those instances when it's been a question of
trying to establish certainty as to whether or not somebody means 'who' or
'how'. I mean if someone asks you "How is it?" or "Who is
it?" obviously might cause some confusion, especially if you're in a
hectic business environment, or even worse, at an emergency ward.
Having said that, we're getting awfully close to all
those pronunciation errors basically depending upon difficulties making a
correct distinction between "sh-" and "ch-" leading to
'sheep' becoming 'cheap' or vice versa, and 'chip' and 'ship' will further
complicate the issue. Stress of syllables not taken into consideration as
in 'sheet' and 'shit'.
You've probably heard about the guy who came down to
the reception desk of a
hotel on the East Coast trying to get
a
clean sheet to his bed. The desk-clerk misinterpreted the whole story into
the more embarrassing idea that the guest in question had simply "shit
in his bed"…
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-In case that cactus stays (above this line), click your Refresh Button!
Funderar du på att skriva uppsats?
The English Pages
Guide
to Grammar and Writing
Contains definitions, suggestions, over 170 computer-graded quizzes,
and a way to submit queries regarding grammar and usage. An award-winning
Website from Capital Community College in Hartford
Sentence
Sense: A Writer's Guide
Written by Evelyn Farbman of Capital Community College and prepared for
use on the Internet by Charles Darling. This online textbook in basic
writing offers students three approaches to becoming more confident
writers.
Här kan du se hur man rättar på engelska, med korrekturläsningssymboler, rättningsmarkeringar etc.
Some Online Aids on Proofreading and Editing
Editing
and Rewriting (from the Guide to Grammar and Writing)
"Revising
Your Writing" from Paradigm
"Editing
Your Writing" from Paradigm
Proofreading
Strategies — from Bowling Green University
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The HyperTextBooks | The English Main Page | The Composition Links |
-A Handbook of Selected Punctuation Marks
About Apostrophe, Comma, Ellipses, Period & Quotation Marks
Vilka
tecken skall jag använda till vad?
Hur skall jag använda punkt, komma och citationstecken (citattecken)?
Why English Teachers Are
Important - A Story
This reminds me of a trip I made to Aspen many years ago. There was a woman at work
who told me before I left that she would like me to send her a postcard from
there, because she collected postcards. This woman was in her forties at the
time and was the original case of mutton dressed up as lamb.
When I
got to Aspen, I found the perfect card for her. It read "Aspen - The
weather is here, wish you were beautiful." After I sent it I felt a bit
guilty but it was too late to do anything about it.
When I got back
to Sydney this woman came up to me and said the postcard was one of the
sweetest things anyone had ever done for her. I couldn’t figure it out until
I realised that she had read
it as "The weather is here, wish you were, beautiful."
Vill du bli duktig på engelska? Studerar du nu i det svenska gymnasiet eller i högskolan? Prova i lugn och ro de olika länkarna på den här sidan. Här finns mycket att lära och öva, saker som du aldrig kommer att finna i "den vanliga" undervisningen.
The English Clause - Details on writing proper English
Den
engelska satsen - Information om hur man skriver korrekt engelska
The Clause:
An Introduction
An
introduction to the study of grammar and, more specifically to the study of the clause in English.
Some
exploration
into
the
dual
nature
of
grammatical
structure
—
how
language
can
be
studied
from
the
viewpoint
of
both
form
and
function.
Verbs
A discussion
of
the
verb
function
in
the
clause.
phoentics - fonetik, uttal & ljudlära
What about other grammar aspects & parts such as adverbs?
Hur är det med skrivandet och skrivförmågan?
Vet du hur man egentligen skall skriva en mening, ett stycke, eller en hel berättelse?
A helpful review on writing Sentence Fragments for additional information on thoughts that cannot stand by themselves and sentences known as "stylistic fragments". See how various types of sentences, structurally, are defined, with examples etc...
Bibliography:
|
1001 Pitfalls in English Grammar |
Vincent Hopper, Professor of English, N.Y. University |
Barron's Educational Series, Inc. |
|
An Advanced English Grammar |
Christophersen & Sandved |
MACMILLAN & Co Ltd |
|
Better English |
R. Gee & C. Watson |
Usborne Publishing Ltd |
|
De engelska prepositionerna |
Sverker Brorström |
Esselte Studium |
|
Engelska prepositionsboken |
Stieg Hargevik |
Esselte Ordbok |
|
Engelska prepositionsövningar inkl facit |
Stieg Hargevik |
Studentlitteratur |
|
Engelsk grammatik |
Elfstrand & Gabrielson |
Språkförlaget |
|
Engelsk universitetsgrammatik |
Jan Svartvik & Olof Sager |
Esselte |
|
English Grammar |
Erlich & Murphy |
McGraw-Hill Book Company |
|
English Verb Conjugations |
Vincent Hopper |
Barron's Educational Series, Inc. |
|
Hargeviks engelska grammatik |
Stieg Hargevik & Christina Hargevik |
Almqvist & Wiksell |
|
Modern engelsk grammatik |
Jan Svartvik & Olof Sager |
Almqvist & Wiksell |
|
The American College Dictionary |
Random House, Inc. |
|
|
The Oxford Guide to the English Language |
Oxford University Press |
|
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The Oxford Universal Dictionary Illustrated |
Oxford University Press |
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